四、特殊结构中的虚拟语气
if only 引起的感叹句用虚拟语气。其虚拟形式为：
从句 意义
与现在事实相反 did(系动词 were) 用过去时表示与现在相反
与将来事实相反 would/could/might do 表示与愿望相反
If only I knew Japanese!（指现在）
If only the letter had arrived in time!（指过去）
If only I could only see him again!（指将来）
1. It is (high/about) time that....句型中的虚拟语气
从句动词用过去式或 should +动词原形，should 不能省略，表示“是
该做......的时候了”。
It is high time(that) I was going.
It’s high time that he stopped smoking.
It’s about time that we took our leave.
It is high time that parents and schools should be alert to the problem.
2. would rather 后的从句要用虚拟语气，一般用过去时态表示与现
在或将来事实相反，用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反。
I would rather you went home now.(与现在事实相反)
Don’t come tomorrow, I’d rather you came next week(与将来事实相反)
I’d rather you hadn’t done that.(与过去事实相反)
3. 含蓄条件句只的虚拟语气
非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来，只暗示在副词、介词短
语、上下文或其他方式表示出来，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。在多数
情况下，条件会暗示在短语中，如：without, but for(要不是因
为...),thanks to, otherwise, or else 等。
Without the sun, no life could live on earth.
But for the air, we would soon die.
Thanks to the man’s timely rescue, the child would have been drowned.
I was ill that day, otherwise I would have attended the meeting.
4. if only 结构中的虚拟语气从句动词用过去式或 should +动词原形，should 不能省略，表示“是
该做......的时候了”。
It is high time(that) I was going.
It’s high time that he stopped smoking.
It’s about time that we took our leave.
It is high time that parents and schools should be alert to the problem.
2. would rather 后的从句要用虚拟语气，一般用过去时态表示与现
在或将来事实相反，用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反。
I would rather you went home now.(与现在事实相反)
Don’t come tomorrow, I’d rather you came next week(与将来事实相反)
I’d rather you hadn’t done that.(与过去事实相反)
3. 含蓄条件句只的虚拟语气
非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来，只暗示在副词、介词短
语、上下文或其他方式表示出来，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。在多数
情况下，条件会暗示在短语中，如：without, but for(要不是因
为...),thanks to, otherwise, or else 等。
Without the sun, no life could live on earth.
But for the air, we would soon die.
Thanks to the man’s timely rescue, the child would have been drowned.
I was ill that day, otherwise I would have attended the meeting.
if only 引起的感叹句用虚拟语气。其虚拟形式为：
从句 意义
与现在事实相反 did(系动词 were) 用过去时表示与现在相反
| 与过去事实相反 had done | 用过去完成时表示与过去 相反 |
If only I knew Japanese!（指现在）
If only the letter had arrived in time!（指过去）
If only I could only see him again!（指将来）
